1 00:00:00,150 --> 00:00:02,150 In the Name of God, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful 2 00:00:02,320 --> 00:00:04,500 الحمد لله ربّ العالمين 3 00:00:07,600 --> 00:00:13,370 و الصّلاة و السّلام علي سيّدنا و نبيّنا ابي‌القاسم المصطفي محمّد 4 00:00:20,250 --> 00:00:24,470 و علي آله الاطيبين الاطهرين المنتجبين 5 00:00:26,220 --> 00:00:29,400 سيّما بقيّةالله في الارضين 6 00:00:29,920 --> 00:00:40,770 You are very welcome dear brethren and sisters. As I have frequently noted, 7 00:00:41,420 --> 00:00:53,050 this meeting is a symbolic meeting; [and] in fact, it shows the respect and veneration and adulation 8 00:00:54,470 --> 00:01:02,650 that I have for science and teachers of science and university. 9 00:01:04,950 --> 00:01:17,520 Well, this is also a very good opportunity for me to listen to remarks of esteemed speakers, 10 00:01:19,050 --> 00:01:33,020 and get an overall image of the discourse-based scientific and intellectual atmosphere in the country’s universities. 11 00:01:35,320 --> 00:01:45,750 That is, what [our] friends said [here], in addition [to the fact] that the content of [their] remarks was useful and, 12 00:01:46,120 --> 00:01:52,150 God willing, I will follow up on these [remarks] and will transfer them to officials, 13 00:01:52,750 --> 00:02:03,650 they also to some extent depict the general atmosphere in the country’s universities, [and] therefore are useful to me. 14 00:02:06,020 --> 00:02:14,670 By the way, [let me] tell you [that] they [sometimes] ask and this question is conveyed to me that 15 00:02:16,520 --> 00:02:25,700 through what ways he [the Leader] obtains [his] information? About university and about science and about 16 00:02:26,250 --> 00:02:36,070 the existing situation and the likes of these [about which] I sometimes talk, [they want to know] through what means and through what channels [I obtain my information]? 17 00:02:36,900 --> 00:02:45,420 In response, I say that most of it is related to the inside of the universities; 18 00:02:45,950 --> 00:02:53,070 that is, contacts are made with me through professors, through students, 19 00:02:54,050 --> 00:03:01,000 through directors and officials of the country’s scientific and the country’s academic organs. 20 00:03:01,470 --> 00:03:08,600 I mean, a wide spectrum of communication networks helps me 21 00:03:08,770 --> 00:03:15,620 get information about the realities of science and scientist(s) and university and the likes of these. 22 00:03:16,150 --> 00:03:22,670 [They include] both official state reports, [through] which esteemed ministers report to me 23 00:03:23,070 --> 00:03:31,500 at various junctures – either I want a report [from them], or they report to me on various occasions – 24 00:03:32,320 --> 00:03:41,370 and popular contacts, which are made by professors, by scientists, by students 25 00:03:42,700 --> 00:03:49,350 and people related to university, which know something, [and] inform me and I take advantage of it, 26 00:03:49,550 --> 00:03:57,920 and [also] through these citation centers, which this gentleman named [from] which they translate [material] and bring it to me, 27 00:03:58,870 --> 00:04:06,050 including what UNESCO has said about us and what ISI has said or the Scopus has said; 28 00:04:06,570 --> 00:04:18,270 I collect [all] this information. These are [the main] channels for my information. 29 00:04:18,520 --> 00:04:32,470 Therefore, conflict and overlap among these information sources gives one some sort of confidence that what I know is correct. 30 00:04:33,300 --> 00:04:47,770 What I want to say is that one of the duties of pundits and sages and elites of a country is to look to the future. 31 00:04:50,120 --> 00:04:57,700 What kind of Iran do we want to have 20 years from now? This is very important. 32 00:05:00,670 --> 00:05:08,520 If we talk about economy, talk about science, talk about technology, 33 00:05:09,200 --> 00:05:19,320 [and] talk about ethics and knowledge, the goal is that it must be clear 34 00:05:20,400 --> 00:05:27,250 what kind of Iran we want [to have] for the juncture [of time which comes] twenty years later. 35 00:05:27,950 --> 00:05:38,970 Well, now, we delineated [the country’s] twenty-year perspective [plan about] ten [or] eleven years ago, 36 00:05:41,050 --> 00:05:50,900 very well, now of course, there are various assessments [which aim to clarify] that during these ten years that have passed, have we progressed equal to ten years 37 00:05:51,670 --> 00:06:02,020 or progressed equal to five years, or equal to 12 years, or 15 years; there are different viewpoints [in this regard]. 38 00:06:03,400 --> 00:06:10,320 What kind of Iran do we want to have twenty years later? Twenty years from now, today’s students 39 00:06:10,500 --> 00:06:15,650 will be occupying managerial posts, [and will] manage the country; 40 00:06:15,770 --> 00:06:20,920 the importance of the work that you professors and officials of universities do is [more evident] here; 41 00:06:21,270 --> 00:06:31,050 that is, these people who are your students today, twenty years later, these will be president, will be minister, will be Majlis deputies, 42 00:06:31,050 --> 00:06:35,950 [and] will be heading that given organ; I mean, the country will be in their hands; 43 00:06:37,720 --> 00:06:46,620 [so,] what do you want to have twenty years later? This is a very important point, is an important question, 44 00:06:47,450 --> 00:06:55,450 [and] is an important concern and preoccupation, which 45 00:06:55,800 --> 00:06:59,700 cannot be ignored by the country's pundits and the country’s sages, including you. 46 00:06:59,920 --> 00:07:13,270 If we have an overall [and] desirable picture in our mind for twenty years later, 47 00:07:14,120 --> 00:07:24,400 the duty [to materialize it] is on the shoulder of this science and knowledge chain, from the [Ministry of] Education to university; 48 00:07:28,600 --> 00:07:37,670 the responsibility is theirs, [and] it is these [institutions], which today want to train that generation, 49 00:07:38,200 --> 00:07:39,870 that is to take charge of [the country’s] affairs twenty years from now. 50 00:07:40,770 --> 00:07:46,770 Do we want to have an Iran with these characteristics, which I will explain, twenty years later? 51 00:07:46,920 --> 00:07:52,370 A powerful Iran; [do we want] a powerful Iran twenty years later? 52 00:07:53,720 --> 00:08:03,820 Powerful means [an Iran which] will not be in fear of threats posed by small and big enemies, 53 00:08:03,950 --> 00:08:12,020 [and] will not be intimidated [because] it will be relying on its own power; a powerful Iran. An independent Iran [is the next characteristic]. 54 00:08:13,570 --> 00:08:26,070 Sometimes a country does not feel intimidated by foreign enemies, but due to its dependence on a [foreign] power; 55 00:08:27,650 --> 00:08:39,420 like a child, who feels secure and powerful due to dependence on his father. Do we want to be like this? Or no, 56 00:08:40,750 --> 00:08:49,200 we want [our country] to be an Iran, whose power is reliant on itself, [and] would be [also] independent, [and would] have independence? 57 00:08:50,900 --> 00:09:12,420 [We want] a religious, and rich Iran endowed with justice, economic justice, social justice, [and] judicial justice; 58 00:09:16,900 --> 00:09:32,300 an Iran with a popular government; an Iran with a clean, hard-working, sympathizing, and pious government. 59 00:09:32,570 --> 00:09:36,150 [We] want such an Iran, which is, of course, a desirable goal. 60 00:09:36,850 --> 00:09:45,550 Or no, we do not care about these elements, which were said [above]; [and] we do not attach much importance to these points, which were said, 61 00:09:46,200 --> 00:09:53,700 or [we] are even opposed to some of them; [that is,] we want an Iran where 62 00:09:54,300 --> 00:10:03,320 there would be economic prosperity and economic welfare, even in the form of dependence on others. 63 00:10:06,420 --> 00:10:12,950 Of course, such a thing is not possible and now, [this issue] needs discussion, 64 00:10:14,500 --> 00:10:18,300 as a country that is dependent on others in economic terms, 65 00:10:18,620 --> 00:10:25,320 it is not possible for it to have [real] economic welfare; yes, summits of wealth are created in those places, 66 00:10:26,150 --> 00:10:34,520 but that it would be a country endowed with welfare and intellectual and economic tranquility, [no,] this is not possible. 67 00:10:34,600 --> 00:10:45,220 Now suppose that we want to be dependent and see no problem in being dependent from a political viewpoint, 68 00:10:45,820 --> 00:10:57,050 just as some people are explicitly saying this right now. [Suppose that we want] a monocultural county – almost like now – 69 00:10:58,620 --> 00:11:08,150 [which would be] dependent on oil and selling raw [materials]; a country which has been left adrift from a cultural viewpoint; 70 00:11:09,500 --> 00:11:15,420 a country afflicted with social divides, 71 00:11:16,770 --> 00:11:23,950 ethnic divides, religious denominational divides, [and] political divides; 72 00:11:24,400 --> 00:11:34,320 a country under an aristocratic rule, with summits of wealth such as what [exists] in America 73 00:11:35,120 --> 00:11:43,570 – an Iranian Wall Street – versus poverty and deprivation of a large number of people; [suppose that] we want a country with these characteristics and something similar to this. 74 00:11:43,870 --> 00:11:50,970 In America, according to these open news, a group of people die when temperature rises; 75 00:11:51,170 --> 00:11:57,150 well, nobody dies of heat in their homes; this means homelessness; 76 00:11:57,350 --> 00:12:01,920 or when it is cold, many people die of cold 77 00:12:02,900 --> 00:12:07,650 – whose figures sometimes get out of their hands and are announced and most of the times are not announced – 78 00:12:08,570 --> 00:12:14,300 this [also] means homelessness. In a country with that [huge] wealth – America is a rich country – 79 00:12:14,700 --> 00:12:21,300 this means that there are summits [of wealth] and beside these summits, there are valleys of misery 80 00:12:21,750 --> 00:12:25,070 and disorder and poverty and deprivation. 81 00:12:26,100 --> 00:12:39,650 Well, what do we want? Of course, there are intermediate states and modes between these two [extreme] modes. 82 00:12:40,020 --> 00:12:47,550 If we want our Iran twenty years from now, according to the first mode that I explained, to be an Iran which 83 00:12:47,800 --> 00:12:55,570 would be rich from material and spiritual viewpoints, be progressive, be powerful, be dignified, 84 00:12:57,670 --> 00:13:03,650 be endowed with [great] blessings and good deeds in terms of its domestic situation 85 00:13:03,650 --> 00:13:09,020 – both material blessings and good deeds, and spiritual blessings and good deeds, 86 00:13:09,620 --> 00:13:17,800 [and] the religiosity which I said means spiritual blessings and good deeds – this needs some steps [to be taken] 87 00:13:18,470 --> 00:13:25,100 and most of these steps are taken in universities. This is why I put [so much] emphasis on and am sensitive about university and about [university] professor(s) 88 00:13:25,250 --> 00:13:34,000 and about esteemed academic ministers. 89 00:13:34,770 --> 00:13:42,820 Now, one of these gentlemen talked about efficiency; well, [boosting] efficiency is whose responsibility? 90 00:13:43,070 --> 00:13:47,550 All the trouble, which we are taking is for this [purpose] that this efficiency would be realized. 91 00:13:47,750 --> 00:13:49,850 Who [realizes] efficiency? 92 00:13:50,350 --> 00:13:57,750 [It is realized by] that erudite, patient, devout person, who works for God, 93 00:13:58,020 --> 00:14:06,500 does not work for his personal benefit, and knows the work and enters the arena and does [the work] valiantly; [realizing] efficiency is a task for him. 94 00:14:06,750 --> 00:14:12,270 We are after this [person]. Where this [person] is trained? Mostly in universities. 95 00:14:12,500 --> 00:14:19,920 Then the issue goes back to university; [therefore,] universities must be helped to develop those characteristics, 96 00:14:20,220 --> 00:14:28,370 which would be needed by the country of tomorrow, the country twenty years later, and Iran twenty years later. The issue of university is so important. 97 00:14:29,050 --> 00:14:38,500 Well, there are requirements for [the realization of] these things, which I said, [and] I have summarized these requirements under a number of general topics: 98 00:14:39,700 --> 00:14:49,720 scientific progress is necessary, moral discipline is necessary, religious self-restraint in the university environment is necessary, 99 00:14:50,970 --> 00:14:57,500 These are imperative and necessary requirements, which must be there, so that, what we want would be realized. 100 00:14:57,900 --> 00:15:02,170 In the absence of every one [of these requirements], one pillar [for the realization of these goals] is missing. 101 00:15:04,600 --> 00:15:12,900 political insight is necessary, [and finally,] the feeling of [having] identity and taking pride in that identity is necessary. 102 00:15:14,400 --> 00:15:22,250 Our student must feel [the influence of] Iranian and Islamic identity and take pride in it. 103 00:15:23,270 --> 00:15:28,300 Now, if time allows, I will give a brief explanation about every one [of these requirements]. 104 00:15:29,750 --> 00:15:36,550 Well, [the fact] that I sometimes keep giving notices about these 105 00:15:37,950 --> 00:15:42,900 co-ed [student] excursions and unlawful measures and these things, 106 00:15:43,670 --> 00:15:50,050 do not consider this [as a sign of] religious bigotry; these measures cause flaw(s) [in university], 107 00:15:51,100 --> 00:16:00,620 [and] these [measures] cause problem and take the academic environment out of the [suitable] form it must and is needed to have. 108 00:16:00,920 --> 00:16:09,720 That we remain indifference in the face of these things is quite the opposite of what 109 00:16:10,520 --> 00:16:15,820 we expect from university today and need [to have] in our universities. 110 00:16:17,200 --> 00:16:21,450 As for the issue of scientific progress, 111 00:16:21,920 --> 00:16:29,450 gentlemen made very good remarks here; that is, these remarks, [these] gentlemen and ladies made in different sectors, 112 00:16:30,370 --> 00:16:34,950 were very good remarks; this is indicative of [the existence of] a scientific movement [in the country]. 113 00:16:36,470 --> 00:16:45,620 Approximately, from the early [years of] the [13]80s (early 2000s) up to the present time, which the issue of science and scientific progress was brought up 114 00:16:46,570 --> 00:16:51,120 – as I remember, I think I raised this issue for the first time at Amir Kabir University [of Technology] 115 00:16:51,600 --> 00:16:54,970 and followed up [on it] – 116 00:16:55,750 --> 00:17:04,250 a movement came into being in the true sense of the word, and since the ground and potential and capacity for it existed in the country, 117 00:17:05,950 --> 00:17:09,700 the scientific growth [of the country] turned into a very good growth. 118 00:17:12,700 --> 00:17:17,320 The issue on which I put emphasis, is the issue of the speed of this [scientific] growth. 119 00:17:17,870 --> 00:17:24,700 In one of the meetings, in which again university chancellors and professors were present, I 120 00:17:25,020 --> 00:17:30,600 talked about the speed of [the country’s scientific] growth and warned that this speed has somehow slowed down. 121 00:17:30,850 --> 00:17:33,670 The esteemed Minister [of Science, Research and Technology] wrote a letter to me [in which he said:] 122 00:17:34,570 --> 00:17:42,270 “No, our growth continues” and he had mentioned some figures as well. I know that the [scientific] growth continues; 123 00:17:43,270 --> 00:17:48,800 my argument is not over this [problem] that we do not have scientific growth; well, yes, I see that we have [this growth]; 124 00:17:49,350 --> 00:17:55,350 my argument is about the speed of this growth; [and I believe that] our speed has decreased. 125 00:17:56,050 --> 00:18:00,170 Today, we need to speech up this growth. 126 00:18:00,920 --> 00:18:05,350 Look, for example, in a car race 127 00:18:06,000 --> 00:18:10,570 in which everybody is moving at a speed of 250 or 300 [kilometers per hour], if you 128 00:18:10,950 --> 00:18:17,000 are in the front row [and your speed is] the same 250 or 300 [kilometers per hour], there is no problem; 129 00:18:18,370 --> 00:18:24,350 however, if you are at the end of the line, [and if] you are in the rear, 130 00:18:24,570 --> 00:18:28,450 then the speed of 250 [kilometers per hour] would not benefit you; 131 00:18:29,100 --> 00:18:36,150 if you move at the [same speed] of 250 and 300 [kilometers per hour] that the car ahead of you is moving , you would always lag behind; 132 00:18:36,950 --> 00:18:43,920 [therefore,] you must increase your speed until you are in front; once you are there, very well, [you can] move at the same speed as them. 133 00:18:45,750 --> 00:18:50,600 Now, some of these gentlemen – which well of course, this has been also mentioned in citation centers – now said 134 00:18:51,150 --> 00:18:59,950 that the speed of scientific growth has decreased in some European countries; I know this. 135 00:19:00,600 --> 00:19:05,870 The reason is that they have taken advantage of their capacities; 136 00:19:07,050 --> 00:19:13,200 when capacities are taken advantage of in full, well, there is no more place for progress, this is obvious; 137 00:19:13,470 --> 00:19:21,020 though the science never stops. We are not like this; we have been kept behind [advanced countries]. 138 00:19:22,100 --> 00:19:30,900 At least for sixty [or] seventy years due to [presence] of corrupt governments, treacherous governments, [and] negligent governments 139 00:19:31,100 --> 00:19:36,320 – negligence is the least [of their faults] – we have been kept behind, [and] we [still] lag behind. 140 00:19:37,050 --> 00:19:42,020 If we want to go ahead in this global competition, we cannot 141 00:19:42,150 --> 00:19:46,400 move at the same growth speed at which [they] are moving in front of us; 142 00:19:46,770 --> 00:19:48,920 we must increase the speech of [our scientific] growth. 143 00:19:49,070 --> 00:19:53,800 This is what I demand; otherwise, I know there is growth [in the country]. 144 00:19:55,270 --> 00:20:06,300 [But] this growth must be sped up. Of course, as for the [scientific] growth, we rank the fourth in the world; 145 00:20:06,570 --> 00:20:09,250 this has been reported to me by Mr. Minister [of science, research and technology], 146 00:20:09,250 --> 00:20:15,870 [and] I had also seen this in a report, which had been released by one of the citation centers. 147 00:20:16,170 --> 00:20:23,770 Yes, we stand on the fourth rank [in terms of scientific growth], but this is not enough, [and] we must increase the speed of our movement. 148 00:20:23,970 --> 00:20:27,800 The feeling of identity [is another important issue]. I said that [our students] should have a feeling of identity. 149 00:20:28,100 --> 00:20:33,920 We must know the realities of the country; what was said [here] today was [just] part of realities. 150 00:20:34,270 --> 00:20:44,300 [These realities show] that we have taken these steps in the space sector, have taken these steps in the nano sector, have taken these steps in the nuclear sector, 151 00:20:45,120 --> 00:20:52,150 have taken these steps in biotechnology sectors, [and] have progressed as such in the medical sector; 152 00:20:52,770 --> 00:21:03,470 these are things, which must be told. [A university] professor can affect the heart of [his] student with regard to the feeling of identity, 153 00:21:04,200 --> 00:21:10,720 so that, [the student] would feel that he has a valuable identity and take pride in it. 154 00:21:11,820 --> 00:21:18,520 If our [university] professors sow despair in the heart of the student at the classroom 155 00:21:19,250 --> 00:21:27,450 and continue saying, “You are little, you are insignificant, [and] you are backward,” this is treason; frankly speaking, this is treason. 156 00:21:29,100 --> 00:21:35,620 [It is also treason] if our professors encourage the talented student [to leave the country by saying] that: “Sir, you have remained here to do what? 157 00:21:36,320 --> 00:21:41,420 Get up and go [abroad and] take advantage [of your talent]!” Well, here, the best universities of the country 158 00:21:41,970 --> 00:21:46,000 have prepared this student at a high cost, [and] trained him; 159 00:21:46,200 --> 00:21:55,050 then when it is time to take advantage and make use of this valuable sapling, should he [be encouraged to] take its fruit somewhere else? This is treason. 160 00:21:55,370 --> 00:22:02,000 This is the meaning of [having a] sense of identity: the students should feel that being Iranian and being Muslim 161 00:22:02,500 --> 00:22:09,720 and being revolutionary is an honor and [must] take pride in this. 162 00:22:10,200 --> 00:22:18,800 Yes, we lag behind, but we have [necessary] force, we have effort, we have energy, we have [the power of the] youth, 163 00:22:19,100 --> 00:22:25,170 [and] we [are able to] move, go ahead and reach [our destination]. [The fact] that I said Persian language 164 00:22:26,100 --> 00:22:31,450 – which the esteemed presenter of the program pointed out – I don’t mean the issue of Persian language [per se]; 165 00:22:31,600 --> 00:22:37,800 of course, Persian language is a very valuable thing and I have put a lot of emphasis on it in the right place, 166 00:22:37,950 --> 00:22:41,920 [but] what I say is that we [must] reach such a [lofty] place in terms of scientific [position] 167 00:22:42,170 --> 00:22:50,870 that if another person wanted to learn that knowledge and get to that high grade [of science] he would have to learn Persian. 168 00:22:51,370 --> 00:23:01,820 Just in the same way that today, with regard to part of science, if you want to access scientific updates, you have to learn, for example, English language or French; 169 00:23:02,920 --> 00:23:10,250 this is what I’m saying; we must take the country to such [a lofty] position. Yes, we have energy, have power, [and] have capacity; 170 00:23:11,020 --> 00:23:16,500 we lag behind, but we can get ourselves to the front; just in the same way 171 00:23:16,720 --> 00:23:21,900 that we were much more behind [advanced countries, but] we have taken ourselves thus far where we are today. This is what I say. 172 00:23:23,600 --> 00:23:32,920 Well, now, of course, I mentioned figures here, and there is no more need [to say them again because] some of them were said by [these] gentlemen. 173 00:23:35,720 --> 00:23:40,770 Global centers that judge [scientific progress of countries] – including these very citation centers; including 174 00:23:40,950 --> 00:23:49,000 scientific magazines, [like] the Science magazine, [and] the Nature magazine – what they say about Iran 175 00:23:50,170 --> 00:23:55,270 is indicative of their amazement. Now, for example, 176 00:23:56,270 --> 00:24:07,270 there is a scientometrics institute in Canada, which says “Iran's scientific advances are staggering.” 177 00:24:07,800 --> 00:24:14,120 Then the interesting [part] is the next sentence, which says, “and a source of concern for the West!” 178 00:24:15,320 --> 00:24:23,450 Well, if you are [really] humans, why you become concerned. Do you have to be concerned if a nation advances in scientific terms? 179 00:24:23,550 --> 00:24:28,600 Another famous scientific magazine of the world – [which is] the Science magazine – 180 00:24:29,000 --> 00:24:37,920 [writes:] “Iran is an emerging scientific power.” They wrote, recorded, [and] published this: [Iran is] the emerging scientific power. 181 00:24:39,820 --> 00:24:53,600 As they have reported to me and have written for me, UNESCO released a report in 2015 – that is, just last year – 182 00:24:55,450 --> 00:25:01,770 on the [future] outlook of science up to 2030. 183 00:25:02,800 --> 00:25:11,000 In that report, it says Iran is trying to convert the resource-based economy to knowledge-based economy. 184 00:25:12,020 --> 00:25:19,820 This is the same point on which I have frequently put emphasis and today, some of [these] gentlemen pointed out here. 185 00:25:20,220 --> 00:25:26,050 Yes, this is why I put so much emphasis on knowledge-based economy. 186 00:25:28,350 --> 00:25:34,870 It says: “Sanctions have been effective [in this regard]; [because] sanctions indirectly helped Iran 187 00:25:37,000 --> 00:25:41,220 think that it must make the economy knowledge-based.” 188 00:25:44,620 --> 00:25:52,270 UNESCO’s report [also] says that among Iran's priorities with regard to scientific issues 189 00:25:52,620 --> 00:25:59,850 is stem cells, is nuclear [technology], is aerospace, is exchange of energy, [and] is information technology. 190 00:26:01,350 --> 00:26:06,270 They are studying and looking at all this [as if] under a magnifying glass. 191 00:26:06,770 --> 00:26:11,400 These steps, which we are taking, are important steps. Well, our students 192 00:26:11,600 --> 00:26:17,300 must know these [facts]; when they know [them], they will have a sense of identity, 193 00:26:18,320 --> 00:26:24,350 will feel exalted and will take pride in themselves, in being Iranian, [and] in belonging to the revolution. 194 00:26:25,200 --> 00:26:29,260 Of course, the sense of identity is not only limited to the field of science; 195 00:26:29,360 --> 00:26:38,260 with regard to saying something new – just what this gentleman said [here that:] “say something new” – [we] have said something new. 196 00:26:39,730 --> 00:26:48,230 The idea of democracy along with spirituality and religion was a new idea in the world of today. 197 00:26:49,660 --> 00:26:56,760 Do not think that the idea of tendency toward spirituality is an outdated and reactionary and, 198 00:26:57,030 --> 00:27:01,530 as some may say, demoded issue and the likes of these. No, today, the world 199 00:27:01,760 --> 00:27:09,030 is turbulent due to a spiritual void and accepts this [idea]. They are saying this, [and] are repeating this, 200 00:27:10,000 --> 00:27:19,930 but where they can get spirituality from? Spirituality cannot be injected to the nation like an ampoule; 201 00:27:20,530 --> 00:27:25,160 [they] don’t have [this], [and] are having problem and, of course, their problem will grow deeper too. 202 00:27:27,760 --> 00:27:37,730 [The fact] that we came and created a democracy along with religion, [and] along with spirituality, [it is] democracy in the real sense of the word. 203 00:27:39,100 --> 00:27:43,430 In other places, democracy is, in fact, rule of [political] parties. 204 00:27:43,730 --> 00:27:50,500 In the West, [political] party does not mean a far-reaching collection and network among people; 205 00:27:50,730 --> 00:27:56,260 neither in America, nor in Britain, nor in other places. Pay attention to this. In Western countries, party is [just] a club; it is a political club, 206 00:27:56,430 --> 00:28:03,260 [and] a club where a group of elites come together 207 00:28:03,560 --> 00:28:11,300 with slogans, [and along] with capitalists, with the likes of these people who can attract [other] people through propaganda in elections; 208 00:28:11,460 --> 00:28:18,360 [this] is not democracy in the real sense [of the word]. Here – in our country – there is democracy in the real sense of the world, 209 00:28:18,600 --> 00:28:23,630 [and] at the same time, it is accompanied with religion and with Islam. Well, these [issues] impart a sense of identity [to people]. 210 00:28:23,760 --> 00:28:30,660 If this sense of identity is created in a young person, there would be no divergence. 211 00:28:30,930 --> 00:28:39,460 We have several thousand students outside [the country], [and] if this is [considered] an honor, that student will come back to Iran. [Of course,] he must finish his studies [first]. 212 00:28:39,860 --> 00:28:46,230 I do not feel scared by student(s) going out of the country, [and] I have frequently noted 213 00:28:46,800 --> 00:28:52,630 that they may go and finish their studies, learn, [and] then come back and be useful for their country. When will this happen? 214 00:28:53,000 --> 00:28:59,730 When he will feel proud about being Iranian, [and] about being revolutionary. This is the meaning of this sense of identity. 215 00:29:00,030 --> 00:29:07,560 One issue is about [the role of] politics in universities. Several years before this – a long time ago, [and] many years ago – 216 00:29:07,860 --> 00:29:13,100 [when talking] about [the role of] politics in universities, I used a phrase, 217 00:29:13,800 --> 00:29:21,230 over which state officials of that time became very upset [objecting that] ‘why you say this’. 218 00:29:21,830 --> 00:29:31,300 I said, “God damn those people who put an end to political thinking and political work and political effort in universities.” 219 00:29:32,230 --> 00:29:36,560 They complained to me that ‘you make students [engage in] political work’. 220 00:29:36,800 --> 00:29:43,630 Well, now, of course the same people sometimes hypocritically say [different] things about university and student and such things, 221 00:29:43,900 --> 00:29:47,100 though their real opinion is [still] the same; [but] my opinion is this. 222 00:29:47,430 --> 00:29:54,200 The university environment, naturally, is an environment for conflict of viewpoints and ideas, [because] this is the nature of the university. 223 00:29:54,430 --> 00:30:07,630 The reason is that, on the one hand, the young person has not yet reached that theoretical and fundamental maturity, which would calm him down 224 00:30:08,100 --> 00:30:15,600 – you know that when a human being achieves intellectual maturity, this creates some sense of tranquility in him, 225 00:30:15,730 --> 00:30:19,100 which saves him from that challenging state [he had before]; 226 00:30:19,700 --> 00:30:25,830 it is not so about a young person, [and] he is not like this – [and] on the other hand, he is full of energy and [willingness for] discussion and the likes of these. 227 00:30:26,000 --> 00:30:33,460 When I go back over my own memories and [go back] to my own period of youth – [about] fifty [or] sixty years ago – 228 00:30:34,860 --> 00:30:40,500 when I had discussions with some people over political issues, [and] over [revolutionary] struggles, [I see that it was full of] clamoring and shouting! 229 00:30:41,900 --> 00:30:45,430 The challenging environment is a peculiarity of the youth, 230 00:30:45,900 --> 00:30:53,200 especially a young student, who well, is given to these challenges. Therefore, there is no problem with this. The problem is 231 00:30:53,900 --> 00:31:04,360 when we exploit this challenging environment against the revolution and the values of revolution, this is bad. 232 00:31:05,730 --> 00:31:13,160 Different ways of thinking, different choices, [and] different political tendencies can exist in university, [and] there is no problem with that; 233 00:31:14,000 --> 00:31:16,260 [because] they engage in discussion with one another, and create challenge. 234 00:31:16,430 --> 00:31:25,660 What is the duty of the official in charge of managing university? Is his duty to support that tendency 235 00:31:26,100 --> 00:31:32,160 which is at odds with the fundaments of the revolution and cooperate with it? 236 00:31:33,060 --> 00:31:39,730 No, this is absolutely [not right]; [and] this is quite the opposite of [his] responsibility. 237 00:31:41,100 --> 00:31:48,860 University officials, including managers, senior managers, [and] ministerial managers [all the way down] to the professors 238 00:31:49,100 --> 00:31:53,630 who are in the classroom and faces the student, their duty is that 239 00:31:53,960 --> 00:32:04,160 in this challenging university complex they [must] try to guide these challenges toward those things, which lead to the [materialization of the] fundaments 240 00:32:04,460 --> 00:32:12,100 of the revolution, [and] lead to the [realization of the] goals of the revolution; that is, to raise the youth in a revolutionary manner. 241 00:32:12,400 --> 00:32:20,130 In short, universities must be revolutionary, students must be revolutionary, 242 00:32:20,130 --> 00:32:28,860 [and] students must be a Muslim struggling on the path of Allah; [therefore, university officials and professors] must guide [students] in this direction. 243 00:32:29,400 --> 00:32:33,900 Of course, I sometimes receive reports, which show the opposite of this. 244 00:32:36,160 --> 00:32:43,930 And I am saying this to these gentlemen who are present here – higher education officials and managers 245 00:32:44,200 --> 00:32:49,760 – [that] you are highly responsible, [and] must be very careful. [You must] be careful that the environment in university 246 00:32:50,100 --> 00:32:56,960 would not turn into a place for divergence from the revolution and concepts of the revolution and values of the revolution, 247 00:32:57,060 --> 00:33:09,900 from religiosity, from revolutionarism, [and] from the memory and name of the honorable Imam [Khomeini]; this is among inevitable requirements [of universities]. 248 00:33:11,760 --> 00:33:20,460 There may be a person or a group in universities with a tendency, which may lead to disintegration of the country 249 00:33:20,660 --> 00:33:28,900 – this [tendency] exists, [and] this is true; of course, you, who are in university, [must know that] such a thing exists in some universities; 250 00:33:28,900 --> 00:33:36,130 [and] I am informed of it – these tendencies cannot be endorsed; [and] cannot be supported. 251 00:33:36,930 --> 00:33:46,700 There are tendencies [in universities], which push the country toward dependence. These [tendencies] should not be supported; 252 00:33:47,930 --> 00:33:54,400 I do not want to say that [they must be countered] with force and security work and things like these; no, such issues must be handled by taking wise steps, 253 00:33:54,800 --> 00:34:02,960 managerial steps, [and] tactful steps. 254 00:34:03,930 --> 00:34:09,360 Therefore, the issue of revolutionarism and discipline [is important]. 255 00:34:09,900 --> 00:34:15,530 I have a number of recommendations, as now it is late, [so,] I explain them in brief: 256 00:34:15,730 --> 00:34:24,160 first of all, higher education officials – both at the [Ministry of] Health and Treatment [and Medical Education], and at the [Ministry of] Science [Research and Technology] – 257 00:34:24,460 --> 00:34:30,930 should not let [any person who is] a researcher and an innovator to lose hope and become tired, [because] this is a risk. 258 00:34:32,030 --> 00:34:37,330 You saw these gentlemen came [here] and talked with vibrancy and with interest. 259 00:34:37,430 --> 00:34:43,100 This vibrancy must flow across all our research institutes as well as 260 00:34:43,460 --> 00:34:50,530 [all] places of research and [scientific] study and academic environments, 261 00:34:50,860 --> 00:34:56,300 [and] everybody must feel there is hope; don’t let them lose hope, [and] don’t let them become tired. 262 00:34:56,600 --> 00:35:04,100 Among those things to which I have already paid attention and today specialists confirm, 263 00:35:04,400 --> 00:35:07,460 is to attach importance to basic sciences. 264 00:35:08,000 --> 00:35:17,930 Once I drew an analogy here in a gathering of scientists and researchers and the likes of these, 265 00:35:18,100 --> 00:35:25,830 [and] I said basic sciences are similar to your deposit at a bank, which is a [source of] support for your life; 266 00:35:26,030 --> 00:35:33,630 applied sciences are like that money, which you put in your pocket and spend; [therefore, they] are necessary. [Therefore,] applied sciences cannot be ignored, 267 00:35:34,400 --> 00:35:38,630 [and] must be considered important. However, the fundament of [the scientific] work is basic sciences. 268 00:35:38,930 --> 00:35:47,630 Specialists and experienced scientists have been quoted as saying – which we must also learn from them, I mean, I must learn from them 269 00:35:47,960 --> 00:35:52,800 – that if there were not for basic sciences, applied sciences would not get anywhere. 270 00:35:53,560 --> 00:35:59,960 The next recommendation [is that] the issue of scientific diplomacy is important. Basically speaking, diplomacy is an important matter; 271 00:36:00,200 --> 00:36:07,030 economic diplomacy is also important, cultural diplomacy is also important, [and] diplomacy of science is also important; 272 00:36:07,300 --> 00:36:19,430 [in general] diplomacy is important [in its entirety]. However, you must pay attention that in the diplomacy of science – [through] scientific communications to which I agree – we must not be deceived. 273 00:36:19,830 --> 00:36:25,400 Look, a person comes [apparently] as a businessperson and sits down with our economist, 274 00:36:25,830 --> 00:36:33,030 [or] with our businessperson, for example, at a given restaurant or at a given hotel of the country 275 00:36:33,400 --> 00:36:42,530 and starts talking and making arrangements for transaction, [but] when we investigate later, it becomes clear that he is a security agent of the Zionist regime, 276 00:36:43,230 --> 00:36:51,660 who is pursuing certain goals under the guise of a businessperson. The same issue holds water with regard to [diplomacy of] science. 277 00:36:52,200 --> 00:36:57,360 Yes, take advantage of foreign scientists. I have frequently said in gatherings of students 278 00:36:57,700 --> 00:37:02,860 that we are not ashamed of learning [from anybody] as pupil, [and] we will learn as pupil, 279 00:37:03,430 --> 00:37:14,630 but [at the same time,] through scientific communication and in [the course of] scientific learning. 280 00:37:15,130 --> 00:37:20,200 we must be vigilant that no hole and orifice and aperture is opened for security infiltration [by enemies] 281 00:37:20,900 --> 00:37:27,030 These [enemies of Iran] take advantage of anything for [achieving their goal of] security infiltration; even of science. This has happened, 282 00:37:27,260 --> 00:37:31,800 [and] has taken place before, [and] unfortunately, is currently taking place in some places as well. 283 00:37:36,560 --> 00:37:44,060 The next point is the issue of scientific papers. Well, they presented statistics related to scientific papers and I am also aware [of that]. 284 00:37:44,300 --> 00:37:50,500 The number of papers has increased, [but] scientific papers must be directed toward the country’s needs. 285 00:37:51,160 --> 00:37:56,060 Today, we need in the oil sector, we need in the agriculture sector, 286 00:37:56,300 --> 00:38:01,700 we need with regard to various industries, [and] we need in the field of communications 287 00:38:03,560 --> 00:38:13,930 [to do] research, [and] to write papers. [Be careful that] papers, which are written [here], should not be in line with the need of [another] given country. 288 00:38:15,100 --> 00:38:21,230 This is also one point: directing [scientific] papers toward what the country needs. 289 00:38:21,530 --> 00:38:29,260 The issue of [the country’s] comprehensive scientific roadmap is the next issue. 290 00:38:29,430 --> 00:38:39,400 Of course, formulation of this comprehensive roadmap was a good step, but it must be both explained to all universities, and also turn into a [national] plan. 291 00:38:40,400 --> 00:38:46,730 One point about the Economy of Resistance – and well, Dr. Derakhshan, fairly speaking, talked very good in this regard 292 00:38:47,830 --> 00:38:55,500 – [is that] the Economy of Resistance is both [guarantor of our] national dignity, and can solve [our] current problems. 293 00:39:15,930 --> 00:39:25,630 [I said this] because they asked me ‘you, who emphasize national dignity and keep talking in [your] speeches about national dignity and the likes of these, 294 00:39:25,860 --> 00:39:31,660 what do you want to do about existing needs of the society?’ This is my answer: 295 00:39:31,860 --> 00:39:38,000 if the Economy of Resistance is implemented in the real sense of the word – [that is,] in the same way that has been said and demanded – 296 00:39:38,200 --> 00:39:45,900 and [if it] is accompanied with practical step and action, [it will] both realize [our] national dignity, and meet the country’s needs, 297 00:39:46,200 --> 00:39:52,800 because it relies on domestic capacities, on domestic potentialities, [and] on domestic production. 298 00:39:53,600 --> 00:40:01,030 The next issue is that cultural work is the main [work to be done] in universities. 299 00:40:01,760 --> 00:40:07,700 It is neither an extracurricular not a marginal work; [and] importance should be attached to cultural works. 300 00:40:07,700 --> 00:40:17,830 Of course, the meaning of cultural work is not holding a concert in university, or for example, [to organize] dancing [ceremony] in universities 301 00:40:18,430 --> 00:40:23,560 these [steps] are not cultural work, [but on the opposite] are anti-cultural work. Cultural work means that work, 302 00:40:23,800 --> 00:40:29,860 which would familiarize people’s minds with the culture of the revolution and the culture of Islam; this is the cultural work. 303 00:40:31,330 --> 00:40:38,730 Officials [must] open the arena to devout students and to devout professors, 304 00:40:39,260 --> 00:40:48,400 [and] let a devout professor and a devout student breath in university environment in the real sense of the word. 305 00:40:50,760 --> 00:40:58,560 Of course, my recommendation to revolutionary [and] devout students and professors is that they must play their role. 306 00:40:59,230 --> 00:41:06,500 I told the youth that [you] are officers of soft war, [and] you [professors] are also commanders of soft war; 307 00:41:07,100 --> 00:41:17,130 very well, command [your forces], [and] play [your] role. Soft war is in progress. 308 00:41:17,130 --> 00:41:25,430 Since that day when I said [we are engaged in] “soft war” [with enemies] up to the present day, which is about two [or] three years, intensity of this war has increased several times. 309 00:41:27,260 --> 00:41:38,660 The enemy is fighting against us. This issue of language, which Ms. Qahremani explained here, was a very important matter and interesting point, 310 00:41:38,960 --> 00:41:45,900 [of course,] if [due] care and attention is paid to it. From a cultural viewpoint, they are fighting against us on all sides; 311 00:41:45,900 --> 00:41:50,700 its reason is obvious and I have frequently explained. Well, we must prepare ourselves. 312 00:41:51,900 --> 00:41:58,930 I said unreliable people should not be present in universities; 313 00:41:59,300 --> 00:42:06,060 they ask, “Sir, who is unreliable?” Unreliable is the one who challenges the [Islamic] establishment under any excuse. q 314 00:42:08,160 --> 00:42:14,030 Which country allows its ruling establishment be challenged? 315 00:42:14,360 --> 00:42:20,260 Does America, which they claim to be the center of freedom, allow this? 316 00:42:21,360 --> 00:42:27,700 John Steinbeck – who had written a number of novels, including “The Grapes of Wrath” and the likes of these which are famous 317 00:42:28,160 --> 00:42:35,130 – was put under the most difficult pressures. Anybody who made the least remark in America, 318 00:42:36,230 --> 00:42:45,030 which smacked of socialism – [I mean,] not being [overtly] socialism, but [even] weakly smelling of socialism – 319 00:42:45,600 --> 00:42:53,860 [they] restricted him in various ways; from physical assassination to character assassination and the likes of these. [They] are like this, 320 00:42:54,330 --> 00:43:00,400 [and] they do not [let] the establishment be challenged. Now, [is it right for us] to challenge the establishment under the pretext of elections, [and] under this and that pretext? 321 00:43:00,730 --> 00:43:08,800 This person who challenges the system under different pretexts, is unreliable. 322 00:43:12,400 --> 00:43:23,600 I have also written down something about humanities, but the time has passed, [and] I think we are [even] past the schedule [set for this session]. 323 00:43:24,130 --> 00:43:31,200 Human studies in Western humanities stem from Western views on human beings; 324 00:43:31,630 --> 00:43:38,700 this is the gist of this issue. [I do] not [mean] that we [must] negate all achievements of humanities; no, 325 00:43:39,200 --> 00:43:46,130 anything that can be used, we must take advantage of, but the general outline and general structure of 326 00:43:46,660 --> 00:43:55,430 humanities, which have come from the West, are dependent on Western worldview about humans and Western human studies, which considers humans as something, 327 00:43:56,100 --> 00:44:05,930 [while] we consider humans as something else [and] different from what the Western materialistic school thinks about humans. 328 00:44:06,360 --> 00:44:09,960 Therefore, we must [attach importance] to the Islamic humanities. 329 00:44:10,000 --> 00:44:17,830 O Almighty! Make for yourself and in your path what we said, what we endeavored [for], 330 00:44:17,960 --> 00:44:20,930 what we thought and what we heard; 331 00:44:21,860 --> 00:44:23,660 accept them from us; 332 00:44:24,430 --> 00:44:29,260 [and] let the purity of the month of Ramadan shed light on our hearts. 333 00:44:30,160 --> 00:44:36,760 O Almighty! [We swear You] by [Prophet] Mohammad (PBUH) and Mohammad’s Household [to] guide the country, the society, the universities, the [university] professors, the students, 334 00:44:37,100 --> 00:44:41,400 [and] the science in the direction of Your lofty goals on a daily basis. 335 00:44:42,560 --> 00:44:43,630 Peace be unto you and so may the mercy of Allah and His blessings